Towards new material biomarkers for fracture risk

Greenwood, C.; Clement, J.; Dicken, A.; Evans, J.P.O.; Lyburn, I.; Martin, R.M.; Rogers, K.; Stone, N.; Zioupos, P.

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a prevalent bone condition, characterised by low bone mass and increased fracture risk. Currently, the gold standard for identifying osteoporosis and increased fracture risk is through quantification of bone mineral density (BMD) using dual energy X-ray absorption (DEXA). However, the risk of osteoporotic fracture is determined collectively by bone mass, architecture and physicochemistry of the mineral composite building blocks. Thus DEXA scans alone inevitably fail to fully discriminate individuals who will suffer a fragility fracture. This study examines trabecular bone at both ultrastructure and microarchitectural levels to provide a detailed material view of bone, and therefore provides a more comprehensive explanation of osteoporotic fracture risk. Physicochemical characterisation obtained through X-ray diffraction and infrared analysis indicated significant differences in apatite crystal chemistry and nanostructure between fracture and non-fracture groups. Further, this study, through considering the potential correlations between the chemical biomarkers and microarchitectural properties of trabecular bone, has investigated the relationship between bone mechanical properties (e.g. fragility) and physicochemical material features.

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Sep 8, 2016
• Online Publication Date: Sep 10, 2016
• Publication Date: 2016-12
• Deposit Date: May 30, 2023
• Journal: Bone
• Print ISSN: 8756-3282
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 93
• Pages: 55-63
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2016.09.006
• Keywords: Histology; Physiology; Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
• Additional Information: This article is maintained by: Elsevier; Article Title: Towards new material biomarkers for fracture risk; Journal Title: Bone; CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2016.09.006; Content Type: article; Copyright: © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.