Kinematics of stellar substructures in the small magellanic cloud

El Youssoufi, Dalal; Cioni, Maria-Rosa L.; Kacharov, Nikolay; Bell, Cameron P. M.; Matjevic, Gal; Bekki, Kenji; de Grijs, Richard; Ivanov, Valentin D.; van Loon, Jacco Th

Abstract

We present a kinematic analysis of the Small Magellanic Cloud using 3700 spectra extracted from the European Southern Observatory archive. We used data from Gaia and near-infrared photometry to select stellar populations and discard Galactic foreground stars. The sample includes main-sequence red giant branch and red clump stars, observed with Fibre Large Array Multi Wavelength Spectrograph. The spectra have a resolving power lambda/Delta lambda from 6500 to 38 000. We derive radial velocities by employing a full spectrum fitting method using a penalized pixel fitting routine. We obtain a mean radial velocity for the galaxy of 159 +/- 2 km s(-1), with a velocity dispersion of 33 +/- 2 km s(-1). Our velocities agree with literature estimates for similar (young or old) stellar populations. The radial velocity of stars in the Wing and bar-like structures differ as a consequence of the dynamical interaction with the Large Magellanic Cloud. The higher radial velocity of young main-sequence stars in the bar compared to that of supergiants can be attributed to star formation around 40 Myr ago from gas already influenced by tidal stripping. Similarly, young main-sequence stars in the northern part of the bar, resulting from a prominent star forming episode 25 Myr ago, have a higher radial velocity than stars in the southern part. Radial velocity differences between the northern and southern bar overdensities are also traced by giant stars. They are corroborated by studies of the cold gas and proper motion indicating stretching/tidal stripping of the galaxy.

Citation

El Youssoufi, D., Cioni, M. L., Kacharov, N., Bell, C. P. M., Matjevic, G., Bekki, K., …van Loon, J. T. (2023). Kinematics of stellar substructures in the small magellanic cloud. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 523(1), 347-364. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad1339

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Apr 27, 2023
• Publication Date: May 23, 2023
• Deposit Date: Aug 15, 2023
• Publicly Available Date: Aug 15, 2023
• Journal: MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
• Print ISSN: 0035-8711
• Publisher: Oxford University Press
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 523
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 347-364
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad1339
• Publisher URL: https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/523/1/347/7152625