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Coordination Sphere Hydrogen Bonding as a Structural Element in Metal-Organic Frameworks (2021)
Journal Article
Hawes, C. S. (2021). Coordination Sphere Hydrogen Bonding as a Structural Element in Metal-Organic Frameworks. Dalton Transactions, 50(18), 6034-6049. https://doi.org/10.1039/d1dt00675d

In the design of new metal–organic frameworks, the constant challenges of framework stability and structural predictability continue to influence ligand choice in favour of well-studied dicarboxylates and similar ligands. However, a small subset of k... Read More about Coordination Sphere Hydrogen Bonding as a Structural Element in Metal-Organic Frameworks.

Supramolecular aggregation properties of 4-(N-morpholino)-1,8-naphthalimide based fluorescent materials (2021)
Journal Article
Hawes, C. S. (2021). Supramolecular aggregation properties of 4-(N-morpholino)-1,8-naphthalimide based fluorescent materials. Materials Chemistry Frontiers, https://doi.org/10.1039/d1qm00091h

Here we report the synthesis of two morpholino-substituted naphthalimide ligands, N-(3-picolyl)-4-(N-morpholino)-1,8-naphthalimide L1 and N-benzyl-4-(N-morpholino)-1,8-naphthalimide L2, and study their supramolecular properties in the crystalline, so... Read More about Supramolecular aggregation properties of 4-(N-morpholino)-1,8-naphthalimide based fluorescent materials.

Structural and spectroscopic insights on the coordination chemistry of the rigid heterotopic chelating ligand 1H-pyrazolo[4,3-h]quinoline (2020)
Journal Article
Goodwin, J. W., Kruger, P. E., & Hawes, C. S. (2020). Structural and spectroscopic insights on the coordination chemistry of the rigid heterotopic chelating ligand 1H-pyrazolo[4,3-h]quinoline. Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 74(1-3), 341-360. https://doi.org/10.1080/00958972.2020.1868041

In this work we report the coordination chemistry of a rigid heterotopic ligand 1H-pyrazolo[4,3-h]quinoline HL1 in copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes for the first time, and examine both the structural properties and solution-phase behaviour of these... Read More about Structural and spectroscopic insights on the coordination chemistry of the rigid heterotopic chelating ligand 1H-pyrazolo[4,3-h]quinoline.

Balancing connectivity with function in silver(i) networks of pyridyltriazole (tzpa) ligands results in the formation of a metallogel (2020)
Journal Article
Hegarty, I. N., Dalton, H. L., Lynes, A. D., Haffner, B., Möbius, M. E., Hawes, C. S., & Gunnlaugsson, T. (2020). Balancing connectivity with function in silver(i) networks of pyridyltriazole (tzpa) ligands results in the formation of a metallogel. Dalton Transactions, 7364-7372. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0DT01421D

A new flexible and divergent 1,2,3-triazol-4-yl-picolinamide (tzpa) ligand 2 and the half-equivalent model ligand 1, both functionalised with pendant 3-pyridyl groups, are reported and their coordination behaviour with silver(i) ions is explored, bot... Read More about Balancing connectivity with function in silver(i) networks of pyridyltriazole (tzpa) ligands results in the formation of a metallogel.

A Series of Manganese(III) Salen Complexes as a Result of Team-Based Inquiry in a Transnational Education Programme. (2020)
Journal Article
Yuan, D., Cai, N., Xu, J., Miao, D., Zhang, S., Woodfine, S. E., …Watkinson, M. (2020). A Series of Manganese(III) Salen Complexes as a Result of Team-Based Inquiry in a Transnational Education Programme. ChemPlusChem, 85(6), 1210 - 1219. https://doi.org/10.1002/cplu.202000337

The development of a team-based approach to research-led transnational practical chemistry teaching is described in which a team of five Chinese students on an articulated transnational degree programme, supported by a team of academic and technical... Read More about A Series of Manganese(III) Salen Complexes as a Result of Team-Based Inquiry in a Transnational Education Programme..

Cyclic Aliphatic Hydrocarbons as Linkers in Metal-Organic Frameworks: New Frontiers for Ligand Design. (2020)
Journal Article
Hawes, C. S. (2020). Cyclic Aliphatic Hydrocarbons as Linkers in Metal-Organic Frameworks: New Frontiers for Ligand Design. ChemPlusChem, 845 - 854. https://doi.org/10.1002/cplu.202000206

In this Minireview we outline the development of cyclic aliphatic moieties as ligands in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), with a focus on the relationship between ligand design and synthesis and the properties of the subsequent materials. Aliphatic l... Read More about Cyclic Aliphatic Hydrocarbons as Linkers in Metal-Organic Frameworks: New Frontiers for Ligand Design..

Fluorescent supramolecular hierarchical self-assemblies from glycosylated 4-amino- and 4-bromo-1,8-naphthalimides (2020)
Journal Article
Calatrava-Pérez, E., Acherman, S., Stricker, L., McManus, G., Delente, J., Lynes, A. D., …Scanlan, E. M. (in press). Fluorescent supramolecular hierarchical self-assemblies from glycosylated 4-amino- and 4-bromo-1,8-naphthalimides. Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 18(18), 3475-3480. https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ob00033g

An investigation into the self-assembly of two 4-amino- and a 4-bromo-1,8-naphthalimide (Nap) based structures (1–3) possessing an appended glycan unit, from protic polar media, is presented. The results demonstrate the formation of complex hierarchi... Read More about Fluorescent supramolecular hierarchical self-assemblies from glycosylated 4-amino- and 4-bromo-1,8-naphthalimides.

Endoplasmic reticulum targeting fluorescent probes to image mobile Zn2+ (2019)
Journal Article
Fang, L., Trigiante, G., Crespo-Otero, R., Hawes, C. S., Philpott, M. P., Jones, C. R., & Watkinson, M. (2019). Endoplasmic reticulum targeting fluorescent probes to image mobile Zn2+. Chemical Science, 10(47), 10881-10887. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9SC04300D

Zn2+ plays an important role in the normal function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and its deficiency can cause ER stress, which is related to a wide range of diseases. In order to provide tools to better understand the role of mobile Zn2+ in ER p... Read More about Endoplasmic reticulum targeting fluorescent probes to image mobile Zn2+.

Synthesis, coordination chemistry and photophysical properties of naphtho-fused pyrazole ligands (2019)
Journal Article
Hawes, C. S. (2019). Synthesis, coordination chemistry and photophysical properties of naphtho-fused pyrazole ligands. CrystEngComm, 5152-5163. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ce01074b

The synthesis of two p-extended pyrazole ligands is reported, with naphtho[2,1-d]-1H-pyrazole HL1 prepared in a modified Jacobson indazole synthesis from 1-amino-2-methylnaphthalene, and subsequent arylation with 2-bromopyridine giving the chelating... Read More about Synthesis, coordination chemistry and photophysical properties of naphtho-fused pyrazole ligands.

Unexpected linkage isomerism in chiral tetranuclear bis-tridentate (1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-picolinamide (tzpa) grids (2019)
Journal Article
Hegarty, I. N., Dalton, H. L., Henwood, A. F., Hawes, C. S., & Gunnlaugsson, T. (2019). Unexpected linkage isomerism in chiral tetranuclear bis-tridentate (1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-picolinamide (tzpa) grids. Chemical Communications, 9523-9526. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9cc03316e

The synthesis of a chiral bis-tridentate (1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-picolinamide (tzpa) ligand is described and its coordination chemistry with Cu(NO3)2 and [Cu(MeCN)4]PF6 is explored in the crystalline phase as well as in solution. Chiral [2 × 2] tetranuc... Read More about Unexpected linkage isomerism in chiral tetranuclear bis-tridentate (1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-picolinamide (tzpa) grids.

Substituent effects in the zinc(II) coordination chemistry of isomeric pyridylpyrazole ligands (2019)
Journal Article
Chen, P., Ge, W., Lu, Y., Wu, Z., Xu, J., Woodfine, S. E., …Hawes, C. S. (2019). Substituent effects in the zinc(II) coordination chemistry of isomeric pyridylpyrazole ligands. Journal of Coordination Chemistry, https://doi.org/10.1080/00958972.2019.1587613

Pyrazoles with unsymmetric substitution are useful ligands in coordination chemistry, but are under-developed due to synthetic challenges in accessing the pure isomers. We have prepared four new structurally related N-(2-pyridyl)-3,5-dialkylpyrazole... Read More about Substituent effects in the zinc(II) coordination chemistry of isomeric pyridylpyrazole ligands.

Glycosylated naphthalimides and naphthalimide Tröger's bases as fluorescent aggregation probes for Con A. (2019)
Journal Article
Calatrava-Perez, E., Delente, J. M., Shanmugaraju, S., Hawes, C. S., Williams, C. D., Gunnlaugsson, T., & Scanlan, E. M. (2019). Glycosylated naphthalimides and naphthalimide Tröger's bases as fluorescent aggregation probes for Con A. Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 17(8), 2116-2125. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8OB02980F

Herein we report the synthesis of fluorescent, glycosylated 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide (Nap) 1, and the related 1,8-naphthalimides Tröger's bases (TBNap) 2 and 3, from 1,8-naphthalic anhydride precursors, the a-mannosides being introduced through the... Read More about Glycosylated naphthalimides and naphthalimide Tröger's bases as fluorescent aggregation probes for Con A..

Correction: Glycosylated naphthalimides and naphthalimide Tröger's bases as fluorescent aggregation probes for Con A. (2019)
Journal Article
Hawes, C. S. (2019). Correction: Glycosylated naphthalimides and naphthalimide Tröger's bases as fluorescent aggregation probes for Con A. Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 2287 - ?. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9OB90017A

Correction for 'Glycosylated naphthalimides and naphthalimide Tröger's bases as fluorescent aggregation probes for Con A' by Elena Calatrava-Pérez et al., Org. Biomol. Chem., 2019, DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02980f.

Crystallographic studies of 2-picolyl substituted naphthalene diimide and bis-phthalimide ligands and their supramolecular coordination chemistry (2019)
Journal Article
Hawes, C. S. (2019). Crystallographic studies of 2-picolyl substituted naphthalene diimide and bis-phthalimide ligands and their supramolecular coordination chemistry. CrystEngComm, 207-217. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ce01756e

Here we report the synthesis of two N-(2-picolyl) substituted bis-imide ligands, N,N'-di(2-picolyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic diimide L1 and N,N'-di(2-picolyl)-4,4'-oxybisphthalimide L2, and describe their coordination chemistry in the cryst... Read More about Crystallographic studies of 2-picolyl substituted naphthalene diimide and bis-phthalimide ligands and their supramolecular coordination chemistry.

Exploring the reversible host-guest chemistry of a crystalline octanuclear Ag(I) metallosupramolecular macrocycle formed from a simple pyrazinylpyridine ligand (2018)
Journal Article
Hawes, C. S. (2018). Exploring the reversible host-guest chemistry of a crystalline octanuclear Ag(I) metallosupramolecular macrocycle formed from a simple pyrazinylpyridine ligand. Dalton Transactions, 17266-17275. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8DT04583F

Here we report the synthesis of two new 2-(2-pyrazinyl)pyridine ligands, and explore their coordination chemistry with Cu(ii) and Ag(i) ions, leading to the discovery of metallosupramolecular architectures of surprising complexity. Differing only in... Read More about Exploring the reversible host-guest chemistry of a crystalline octanuclear Ag(I) metallosupramolecular macrocycle formed from a simple pyrazinylpyridine ligand.

A high-connectivity approach to a hydrolytically stable Metal-Organic Framework for CO2 capture from flue gas (2018)
Journal Article
Emerson, A. J., Hawes, C. S., Marshall, M., Knowles, G. P., Chaffee, A. L., Batten, S. R., & Turner, D. R. (2018). A high-connectivity approach to a hydrolytically stable Metal-Organic Framework for CO2 capture from flue gas. Chemistry of Materials, 6614-6618. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b03060

A CdII-based metal-organic framework (MOF) demonstrates that incorporation of a ligand with high-connectivity yields a material with remarkable hydrolytic stability that is able to capture CO2 un-der simulated industrial flue gas conditions. A novel... Read More about A high-connectivity approach to a hydrolytically stable Metal-Organic Framework for CO2 capture from flue gas.

Solution-State Anion Recognition, and Structural Studies, of a Series of Electron-Rich meta-Phenylene Bis(phenylurea) Receptors and Their Self-Assembled Structures. (2018)
Journal Article
Hawes, C. S. (2018). Solution-State Anion Recognition, and Structural Studies, of a Series of Electron-Rich meta-Phenylene Bis(phenylurea) Receptors and Their Self-Assembled Structures. Journal of Organic Chemistry, 10398-10408. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.8b01481

meta-Phenylene bis(phenylurea) receptors 1-4 were designed and synthesized to investigate the association between receptor shape, anion-selective binding and anion-directed self-assembly processes. Solution studies, performed through 1H NMR titration... Read More about Solution-State Anion Recognition, and Structural Studies, of a Series of Electron-Rich meta-Phenylene Bis(phenylurea) Receptors and Their Self-Assembled Structures..

Tetraarylpyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrroles as versatile and responsive fluorescent linkers in Metal-Organic Frameworks (2018)
Journal Article
Hawes, C. S. (2018). Tetraarylpyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrroles as versatile and responsive fluorescent linkers in Metal-Organic Frameworks. Dalton Transactions, 10080-10092. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8DT01784K

The first examples of crystalline coordination polymers containing the tetraarylpyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole (TPP) fluorophore are presented. We have prepared three new TPP ligands L1, H2L2 and H2L3, containing nitrile, carboxylate and mixed imidazole-carbo... Read More about Tetraarylpyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrroles as versatile and responsive fluorescent linkers in Metal-Organic Frameworks.

A resilient and luminescent stimuli-responsive hydrogel from a heterotopic 1,8-naphthalimide-derived ligand (2018)
Journal Article
Hawes, C. S., Lynes, A. D., Byrne, K., Schmitt, W., Ryan, G., Möbius, M. E., & Gunnlaugsson, T. (2018). A resilient and luminescent stimuli-responsive hydrogel from a heterotopic 1,8-naphthalimide-derived ligand. Chemical Communications, 5989 -5992. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7CC03482B

A heterotopic naphthalimide ligand N-(4-picolyl)-4-(4'-carboxyphenoxy)-1,8-naphthalimide HL is utilised for the formation of self-assembled soft materials. In the presence of K+ ions, L- forms a robust photoluminescent hydrogel 1 which is reversible... Read More about A resilient and luminescent stimuli-responsive hydrogel from a heterotopic 1,8-naphthalimide-derived ligand.

The 4-pyridonyl group as a multifunctional electron donor in 1,8-naphthalimide-based photoluminescent and mechanically interlocked coordination compounds (2018)
Journal Article
Hawes, C. S. (2018). The 4-pyridonyl group as a multifunctional electron donor in 1,8-naphthalimide-based photoluminescent and mechanically interlocked coordination compounds. Materials Chemistry Frontiers, https://doi.org/10.1039/C8QM00182K

A new ligand system incorporating the 4-pyridonyl group as a substituent in 1,8-naphthalimide compounds is presented, with the pyridone group acting as both an electron donor for the internal charge transfer (ICT) fluoresence process and as a metal b... Read More about The 4-pyridonyl group as a multifunctional electron donor in 1,8-naphthalimide-based photoluminescent and mechanically interlocked coordination compounds.