3D simulations of oxygen shell burning with and without magnetic fields

Varma, Vishnu; Müller, Bernhard

Abstract

Wepresent a first 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation of convective oxygen and neon shell burning in a non-rotating 18M starshortly before core collapse to study the generation of magnetic fields in supernova progenitors. We also run a purely hydrodynamic control simulation to gauge the impact of the magnetic fields on the convective flow and on convective boundary mixing. After about 17 convective turnover times, the magnetic field is approaching saturation levels in the oxygen shell with an average field strength of ∼1010 G, and does not reach kinetic equipartition. The field remains dominated by small-to-medium scales, and the dipole field strength at the base of the oxygen shell is only 109 G. The angle-averaged diagonal components of the Maxwell stress tensor mirror those of the Reynolds stress tensor, but are about one order of magnitude smaller. The shear flow at the oxygen–neon shell interface creates relatively strong fields parallel to the convective boundary, which noticeably inhibit the turbulent entrainment of neon into the oxygen shell. The reduced ingestion of neon lowers the nuclear energy generation rate in the oxygen shell and thereby slightly slows down the convective flow. Aside from this indirect effect, we find that magnetic f ields do not appreciably alter the flow inside the oxygen shell. We discuss the implications of our results for the subsequent core-collapse supernova and stress the need for longer simulations, resolution studies, and an investigation of non-ideal effects for a better understanding of magnetic fields in supernova progenitors.

Citation

Varma, V., & Müller, B. (2021). 3D simulations of oxygen shell burning with and without magnetic fields. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 504(1), 636-647. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab883

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Mar 25, 2021
• Online Publication Date: Mar 26, 2021
• Publication Date: Apr 20, 2021
• Deposit Date: Feb 26, 2025
• Journal: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• Print ISSN: 0035-8711
• Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
• Publisher: Oxford University Press
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 504
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 636-647
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab883
• Keywords: convection, MHD, turbulence, stars: interiors, stars: magnetic field, stars: massive
• Public URL: https://keele-repository.worktribe.com/output/1015108
• Publisher URL: https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/504/1/636/6189720?login=true