Self-harm in older adults: Systematic review

Chew-Graham; Babatunde

Abstract

Background
Self-harm is a major public health concern. Increasing ageing populations and high risk of suicide in later life highlight the importance of identification of the particular characteristics of self-harm in older adults.

Aim
To systematically review characteristics of self-harm in older adults.

Methods
A comprehensive search for primary studies on self-harm in older adults was conducted in e-databases (Medline, AgeLine, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science) from their inception to February 2018. Using predefined criteria, articles were independently screened and assessed for methodological quality. Data were synthesised following a narrative approach. A Patient Advisory group advised on the design, conduct, and interpretation of findings.

Results
40 articles (n= 62,755 older adults) were included. Yearly self-harm rates were 19 to 65 per 100,000 people. Self-poisoning was the most commonly reported method. Comorbid physical problems were common. Increased risk repetition was reported amongst older adults with self-harm history, previous and current psychiatric treatment. Loss of control, increased loneliness and perceived burdensome ageing were reported self-harm motivations.

Conclusions
Self-harm in older adults has distinct characteristics that should be explored to improve management and care. Whilst risk of further self-harm and suicide is high in all age cohorts, risk of suicide is higher in older adults. Given the frequent contact with health services, an opportunity exists for detection and prevention of self-harm and suicide in this population. These results are limited to research in hospital-based settings and community-based studies are needed to fully understand self-harm amongst older adults.

Citation

Chew-Graham, & Babatunde. (2019). Self-harm in older adults: Systematic review. British Journal of Psychiatry, 214(4), 186-200. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2019.11

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Dec 21, 2018
• Online Publication Date: Feb 21, 2019
• Publication Date: Apr 1, 2019
• Publicly Available Date: May 26, 2023
• Journal: British Journal of Psychiatry
• Print ISSN: 0007-1250
• Publisher: Royal College of Psychiatrists
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 214
• Issue: 4
• Pages: 186-200
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2019.11
• Keywords: self-harm, suicide, systematic review
• Public URL: https://keele-repository.worktribe.com/output/412619
• Publisher URL: https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2019.11