Inflammation and hypertension: Underlying mechanisms and emerging understandings.

Aboukhater, Diana; Morad, Bassel; Nasrallah, Nadim; Nasser, Suzanne A.; Sahebkar, Amirhossein; Kobeissy, Firas; Boudaka, Ammar; Eid, Ali H.

Abstract

Hypertension remains a major contributor to cardiovascular disease (CVD), a leading cause of global death. One of the major insults that drive increased blood pressure is inflammation. While it is the body's defensive response against some homeostatic imbalances, inflammation, when dysregulated, can be very deleterious. In this review, we highlight and discuss the causative relationship between inflammation and hypertension. We critically discuss how the interplay between inflammation and reactive oxygen species evokes endothelial damage and dysfunction, ultimately leading to narrowing and stiffness of blood vessels. This, along with phenotypic switching of the vascular smooth muscle cells and the abnormal increase in extracellular matrix deposition further exacerbates arterial stiffness and noncompliance. We also discuss how hyperhomocysteinemia and microRNA act as links between inflammation and hypertension. The premises we discuss suggest that the blue-sky scenarios for targeting the underlying mechanisms of hypertension necessitate further research.

Citation

Aboukhater, D., Morad, B., Nasrallah, N., Nasser, S. A., Sahebkar, A., Kobeissy, F., Boudaka, A., & Eid, A. H. (2023). Inflammation and hypertension: Underlying mechanisms and emerging understandings. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 238(6), 1148-1159. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.31019

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Mar 24, 2023
• Online Publication Date: Apr 11, 2023
• Publication Date: 2023-06
• Journal: Journal of Cellular Physiology
• Print ISSN: 0021-9541
• Electronic ISSN: 1097-4652
• Publisher: Wiley
• Volume: 238
• Issue: 6
• Pages: 1148-1159
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.31019
• Keywords: Cell Biology, Clinical Biochemistry, Physiology
• Public URL: https://keele-repository.worktribe.com/output/427188
• Publisher URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jcp.31019