Expression of Angiopoetin-Like Protein-4 and Kidney Injury Molecule-1 as Preliminary Diagnostic Markers for Diabetes-Related Kidney Disease: A Single Center-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Bano, Gulnaz; Imam, Mohammad Tarique; Bajpai, Ram; Alem, Ghada; Kashyap, Varun Kumar; Habib, Anwar; Najmi, Abul Kalam

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to examine the urinary levels of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and angiopoietin-like protein-4 (ANGPTL-4) in individuals with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and their association with established DKD diagnostic markers such as albuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Levels of ANGPTL-4 and KIM-1 were estimated in urine samples. A total of 135 participants were recruited into three groups: 45 diabetes type 2 patients in the control group and 90 DKD patients in two disease groups. Concentrations of ANGPTL-4 and KIM-1 were conclusively related to the urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR). Also, the levels of both ANGPTL-4 and KIM-1 were negatively associated with the eGFR. Multivariable Poisson regression analysis showed that urinary ANGPTL-4 (PR: 3.40; 95% CI: 2.32 to 4.98; p < 0.001) and KIM-1 (PR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.38; p < 0.001) were prevalent in DKD patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of urinary ANGPTL-4 and KIM-1 in the combined form resulted in an area under curve (AUC) of 0.967 (95%CI: 0.932-1.000; p < 0.0001) in the microalbuminuria group and 1 (95%CI: 1.000-1.000; p < 0.0001) in the macroalbuminuria group. The association of urinary levels of ANGPTL-4 and KIM-1 with UACR and eGFR and significant prevalence in the diabetic kidney disease population illustrates the diagnostic potential of these biomarkers.

Citation

Bano, G., Imam, M. T., Bajpai, R., Alem, G., Kashyap, V. K., Habib, A., & Najmi, A. K. (2023). Expression of Angiopoetin-Like Protein-4 and Kidney Injury Molecule-1 as Preliminary Diagnostic Markers for Diabetes-Related Kidney Disease: A Single Center-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 13(4), Article ARTN 577. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13040577

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Mar 21, 2023
• Online Publication Date: Mar 24, 2023
• Publication Date: 2023-04
• Deposit Date: Jun 29, 2023
• Journal: JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
• Publisher: MDPI
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 13
• Issue: 4
• Article Number: ARTN 577
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13040577
• Keywords: Medicine (miscellaneous)