Anti-Malarial Activities of Margaritaria discoidea and Other Nigerian Medicinal Plants

Johnson-Ajinwo, OR; Ullah, I; Lee, C; Raman, H; Ellerby, N; Horrocks, P; Li, WW

Abstract

We previously evaluated in vitro anti-cancer activity of a Nigeria medicinal plant—Margaritaria discoidea (Baill.) G.L.Webster [1]. The aim of current study is to investigate crude extracts of ten medicinal plants including M. discoidea for their anti-malarial activities and identification of potential bioactive compounds.
Methods: Ten selected medicinal plants (Anchomanes difformis (Blume) Engl., Mucuna pruriens var. pruriens, Bombax buonopozense P. Beauv, Millettia thonningii (Schum & Thonn.) Baker, Corchorus olitorus L., Margaritaria discoidea (Baill.) G.L. Webster, Moringa oleifera Lam., Newbouldia laevis (P. Beauv.) Seem., Fleurya sp and Platycerium bifurcatum (Cav.) C. Chr.) were sourced from a bio reserve in
Nigeria. Extracts of the plants were screened for anti-malarial activities on plasmodium falciparum. Following bioassay-guided fractionation, potential bioactive compounds from M. discoidea were identified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry following trimethylsilylation derivation. Their anti-malarial activity was confirmed and a preliminary
structural modification was undertaken.
Results: Preliminary screening of extracts from the ten plants disclosed that the organic extracts of M. discoidea had the most promising anti-malarial activities. The potential bioactive compounds in M. discoidea are
securinine (IC50 of 11.3 µM) and gallic acid (IC50 of 26.8 µM) against P. falciparum
Conclusions: M. discoidea possesses antimalarial activity against the intraerythrocytic stage of development. This is the first report of the anti-malarial activity of this plant. Securinine and gallic acid appear the main anti-malarial compounds in this plant.
Reference: [1] Okiemute Rosa Johnson-Ajinwo, Alan Richardson, Wen-Wu Li. Cytotoxic effects of stem bark extracts and pure compounds from
Margaritaria discoidea on human ovarian cancer cell lines. Phytomedicine 2015, 22, 1-4.

Citation

Johnson-Ajinwo, O., Ullah, I., Lee, C., Raman, H., Ellerby, N., Horrocks, P., & Li, W. (2015, August). Anti-Malarial Activities of Margaritaria discoidea and Other Nigerian Medicinal Plants. Paper presented at 2015 PSNA Meeting, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

• Presentation Conference Type: Conference Paper (unpublished)
• Conference Name: 2015 PSNA Meeting
• Conference Location: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
• Start Date: Aug 8, 2015
• End Date: Aug 12, 2015
• Deposit Date: Sep 18, 2023
• Publisher URL: http://psna-online.org/PSNA_2015_Full_Program.pdf
• Additional Information: https://docplayer.net/179301463-Anti-malarial-activities-of-margaritaria-discoidea-and-other-nigerian-medicinal-plants.html