Adrian Heald
Socioeconomic deprivation as measured by the index of multiple deprivation and its association with low sex hormone binding globulin in women
Heald, Adrian; Laing, Ian; McLernon, David J.; Donn, Rachelle; Hartland, Andrew J.; Fryer, Anthony A.; Livingston, Mark
Authors
Ian Laing
David J. McLernon
Rachelle Donn
Andrew J. Hartland
Professor Anthony Fryer a.a.fryer@keele.ac.uk
Mark Livingston
Contributors
A. Heald
Other
I. Laing
Other
D.J. McLernon
Other
R. Donn
Other
A.J. Hartland
Other
A.A. Fryer
Other
M. Livingston
Other
Abstract
Objective:
Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) is a marker of insulin resistance. Given established links between BMI and socioeconomic disadvantage, we investigated how SHBG varies by index of multiple deprivation (IMD).
Research Design and Methods:
Using laboratory data from a Midlands UK population of mixed ethnicity, we examined the relation between blood concentrations of SHBG and IMD in 1160 women aged between 17 and 71 years. Women with a serum SHBG >250 nmol/L were excluded.
Results:
Mean age was 28.7 (95% confidence interval (CI) 28.2–29.1) years. 48.2% of women were of Caucasian origin, 15.5% of Southern Asian ethnicity and 2.6% were of African or other origin (33.7% were of unknown origin).
SHBG increased with age (Spearman’s ρ=0.195; p<0.001). A higher proportion of women of South Asian origin versus other ethnic groups had an SHBG <30 nmol/L (OR 1.93 (95% CI 1.37–2.71)).
SHBG level was lower in individuals with greater socioeconomic disadvantage as measured by IMD (Spearman's ρ= -0.09; p=0.004 for SHBG versus IMD).
In multivariate logistic regression, IMD women in the quartiles 2–5 (higher socioeconomic disadvantage) were more likely to have an SHBG <30 nmol/L (compatible with significant insulin resistance) versus quartile 1 (odds ratio (OR) 1.71 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17–2.53), adjusted for age (OR=0.97 (95% CI 0.95–0.98)) and ethnicity (for South Asian ethnicity OR=2.00 (95% CI 1.42–2.81) versus the rest).
Conclusion:
Lower SHBG levels in women are associated with a higher level of socioeconomic disadvantage. Given the known association between lower SHBG and higher plasma glucose, our findings suggest a link between socioeconomic disadvantage and future risk of type 2 diabetes.
Citation
Heald, A., Laing, I., McLernon, D. J., Donn, R., Hartland, A. J., Fryer, A. A., & Livingston, M. (2017). Socioeconomic deprivation as measured by the index of multiple deprivation and its association with low sex hormone binding globulin in women. The Open Biochemistry Journal, 11, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874091X0171101000
Journal Article Type | Article |
---|---|
Acceptance Date | Dec 28, 2016 |
Online Publication Date | Mar 13, 2017 |
Publication Date | 2017 |
Deposit Date | Mar 1, 2024 |
Journal | Open Biochemistry Journal |
Print ISSN | 1874-091X |
Publisher | Bentham Open |
Peer Reviewed | Peer Reviewed |
Volume | 11 |
Pages | 1-7 |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.2174/1874091X0171101000 |
Publisher URL | https://openbiochemistryjournal.com/VOLUME/11/PAGE/1/ABSTRACT/ |
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