Visual but not trigeminal mediation of magnetic compass information in a migratory bird

Zapka, Manuela; Heyers, Dominik; Hein, Christine M.; Engels, Svenja; Schneider, Nils-Lasse; Hans, Jörg; Weiler, Simon; Dreyer, David; Kishkinev, Dmitry; Wild, J. Martin; Mouritsen, Henrik

Abstract

Magnetic compass information has a key role in bird orientation1,2,3, but the physiological mechanisms enabling birds to sense the Earth’s magnetic field remain one of the unresolved mysteries in biology2,4. Two biophysical mechanisms have become established as the most promising magnetodetection candidates. The iron-mineral-based hypothesis suggests that magnetic information is detected by magnetoreceptors in the upper beak and transmitted through the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve to the brain5,6,7,8,9,10. The light-dependent hypothesis suggests that magnetic field direction is sensed by radical pair-forming photopigments in the eyes11,12,13,14,15 and that this visual signal is processed in cluster N, a specialized, night-time active, light-processing forebrain region16,17,18,19. Here we report that European robins with bilateral lesions of cluster N are unable to show oriented magnetic-compass-guided behaviour but are able to perform sun compass and star compass orientation behaviour. In contrast, bilateral section of the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve in European robins did not influence the birds’ ability to use their magnetic compass for orientation. These data show that cluster N is required for magnetic compass orientation in this species and indicate that it may be specifically involved in processing of magnetic compass information. Furthermore, the data strongly suggest that a vision-mediated mechanism underlies the magnetic compass in this migratory songbird, and that the putative iron-mineral-based receptors in the upper beak connected to the brain by the trigeminal nerve6,7,8 are neither necessary nor sufficient for magnetic compass orientation in European robins.

Citation

Zapka, M., Heyers, D., Hein, C. M., Engels, S., Schneider, N.-L., Hans, J., Weiler, S., Dreyer, D., Kishkinev, D., Wild, J. M., & Mouritsen, H. (2009). Visual but not trigeminal mediation of magnetic compass information in a migratory bird. Nature, 461(7268), 1274-1277. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08528

• Journal Article Type: Letter
• Acceptance Date: Sep 23, 2009
• Online Publication Date: Oct 29, 2009
• Publication Date: 2009-10
• Deposit Date: May 14, 2024
• Journal: Nature
• Print ISSN: 0028-0836
• Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
• Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 461
• Issue: 7268
• Pages: 1274-1277
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08528
• Public URL: https://keele-repository.worktribe.com/output/827570