Madison Brady
Early Results from the HUMDRUM Survey: A Small, Earth-mass Planet Orbits TOI-1450A
Brady, Madison; Bean, Jacob L.; Seifahrt, Andreas; Kasper, David; Luque, Rafael; Stefánsson, Guđmundur; Stürmer, Julian; Charbonneau, David; Collins, Karen A.; Doty, John P.; Essack, Zahra; Fukui, Akihiko; Horta, Ferran Grau; Hedges, Christina; Hellier, Coel; Jenkins, Jon M.; Narita, Norio; Quinn, Samuel N.; Shporer, Avi; Schwarz, Richard P.; Seager, Sara; Stassun, Keivan G.; Striegel, Stephanie; Watkins, Cristilyn N.; Winn, Joshua N.; Zambelli, Roberto
Authors
Jacob L. Bean
Andreas Seifahrt
David Kasper
Rafael Luque
Guđmundur Stefánsson
Julian Stürmer
David Charbonneau
Karen A. Collins
John P. Doty
Zahra Essack
Akihiko Fukui
Ferran Grau Horta
Christina Hedges
Coel Hellier c.hellier@keele.ac.uk
Jon M. Jenkins
Norio Narita
Samuel N. Quinn
Avi Shporer
Richard P. Schwarz
Sara Seager
Keivan G. Stassun
Stephanie Striegel
Cristilyn N. Watkins
Joshua N. Winn
Roberto Zambelli
Abstract
M-dwarf stars provide us with an ideal opportunity to study nearby small planets. The HUnting for M Dwarf Rocky planets Using MAROON-X (HUMDRUM) survey uses the MAROON-X spectrograph, which is ideally suited to studying these stars, to measure precise masses of a volume-limited (<30 pc) sample of transiting M-dwarf planets. TOI-1450 is a nearby (22.5 pc) binary system containing a M3 dwarf with a roughly 3000 K companion. Its primary star, TOI-1450A, was identified by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) to have a 2.04 days transit signal, and is included in the HUMDRUM sample. In this paper, we present MAROON-X radial velocities (RVs) which confirm the planetary nature of this signal and measure its mass at nearly 10% precision. The 2.04 days planet, TOI-1450A b, has R b = 1.13 ± 0.04 R ⊕ and M b = 1.26 ± 0.13 M ⊕. It is the second-lowest-mass transiting planet with a high-precision RV mass measurement. With this mass and radius, the planet’s mean density is compatible with an Earth-like composition. Given its short orbital period and slightly sub-Earth density, it may be amenable to JWST follow-up to test whether the planet has retained an atmosphere despite extreme heating from the nearby star. We also discover a nontransiting planet in the system with a period of 5.07 days and a Msinic=1.53±0.18M⊕ . We also find a 2.01 days signal present in the systems’s TESS photometry that likely corresponds to the rotation period of TOI-1450A’s binary companion, TOI-1450B. TOI-1450A, meanwhile, appears to have a rotation period of approximately 40 days, which is in line with our expectations for a mid-M dwarf.
Citation
Brady, M., Bean, J. L., Seifahrt, A., Kasper, D., Luque, R., Stefánsson, G., …Zambelli, R. (2024). Early Results from the HUMDRUM Survey: A Small, Earth-mass Planet Orbits TOI-1450A. Astronomical Journal, 168(2), Article 67. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad500a
Journal Article Type | Article |
---|---|
Acceptance Date | May 15, 2024 |
Online Publication Date | Jul 10, 2024 |
Publication Date | Aug 1, 2024 |
Deposit Date | Jul 15, 2024 |
Publicly Available Date | Jul 15, 2024 |
Journal | The Astronomical Journal |
Print ISSN | 0004-6256 |
Electronic ISSN | 1538-3881 |
Publisher | American Astronomical Society |
Peer Reviewed | Peer Reviewed |
Volume | 168 |
Issue | 2 |
Article Number | 67 |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad500a |
Keywords | Extrasolar rocky planets, M dwarf stars |
Public URL | https://keele-repository.worktribe.com/output/875572 |
Publisher URL | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ad500a |
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Early Results from the HUMDRUM Survey: A Small, Earth-mass Planet Orbits TOI-1450A
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