Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Chinese version of the 4 domain sports prom.

Sun, Yang; Chen, Shiyi; Neyret, Philippe; Hutchinson, Mark; Migliorini, Filippo; Maffulli, Nicola; Górios, Carlos; Piedade, Sérgio Rocha

Abstract

Background
This work evaluated and validated the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of 4-Domain Sport PROM (4-DSP) into Chinese, assessing its understandability and reproducibility in all questionnaire domains for Chinese-speaking patients.
Methods
Cross-sectional study, level of evidence II. Twenty patients with sports injuries who underwent surgical treatment and postoperative rehabilitation in the Sports Medicine Surgery Department of Huashan Hospital were selected to evaluate whether the translation was understandable. Then, the 4-DSP was applied to 120 patients who had undergone trauma surgical procedures. The translation and cross-cultural adaptation of 4-DSP involved 6 steps: (1) Translation, (2) Synthesis of translation, (3) Back Translation, (4) Testing of the Prefinal Version-Expert committee review, (5) Prefinal testing among the patients, and Reliability and Consistency Testing. The questionnaire was self-administered by 120 patients (53 males and 67 females; mean age: 30.41 ± 6.8 years.) who had undergone arthroscopic surgery or conservative therapy from a sports physical therapist and had 3-month to 1-year follow-up. All patients filled in the 4-DSP questionnaire without direct supervision of their trainer/coach or researcher. All data were collected and processed anonymously.
Results
97% of the experts (n = 10) considered the translation accuracy understandable; each item and overall content validity showed 96% agreement, and the bilingual translation accuracy was rated as 98.5%, presenting a global Cronbach's alpha of 0.72.
Conclusion
The Chinese cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the original English version of the 4-DSP questionnaire proved reproducible and properly understandable in all four domains. It can safely and reliably assess treatment outcomes for sports injuries in Chinese-speaking patients and is a helpful tool to collect and assess athletic population data.

Citation

Sun, Y., Chen, S., Neyret, P., Hutchinson, M., Migliorini, F., Maffulli, N., Górios, C., & Piedade, S. R. (2025). Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Chinese version of the 4 domain sports prom. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 20(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-025-05882-1

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: May 1, 2025
• Online Publication Date: May 19, 2025
• Publication Date: May 19, 2025
• Deposit Date: Jun 5, 2025
• Publicly Available Date: Jun 5, 2025
• Journal: Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research
• Electronic ISSN: 1749-799X
• Publisher: Springer Verlag
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 20
• Issue: 1
• Article Number: 487
• Pages: 1-7
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-025-05882-1
• Keywords: Sports Medicine, Patient-reported outcome Measures, Patient outcome Assessment, Outcomes and Process Assessment
• Public URL: https://keele-repository.worktribe.com/output/1242811
• PMID: 40389966