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Novel Anti-Inflammatory Peptides Based on Chemokine-Glycosaminoglycan Interactions Reduce Leukocyte Migration and Disease Severity in a Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Eustace, AD; King, S; Sessions, RB; Kay, A; Farris, M; Broadbridge, R; Kehoe, O; Kungl, AJ; Middleton, J; McNaughton, EF

Novel Anti-Inflammatory Peptides Based on Chemokine-Glycosaminoglycan Interactions Reduce Leukocyte Migration and Disease Severity in a Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis Thumbnail


Authors

AD Eustace

S King

RB Sessions

A Kay

M Farris

R Broadbridge

AJ Kungl

J Middleton

EF McNaughton



Abstract

Inflammation is characterized by the infiltration of leukocytes from the circulation and into the inflamed area. Leukocytes are guided throughout this process by chemokines. These are basic proteins that interact with leukocytes to initiate their activation and extravasation via chemokine receptors. This is enabled through chemokine immobilization by glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) at the luminal endothelial surface of blood vessels. A specific stretch of basic amino acids on the chemokine, often at the C terminus, interacts with the negatively charged GAGs, which is considered an essential interaction for the chemokine function. Short-chain peptides based on this GAG-binding region of the chemokines CCL5, CXCL8, and CXCL12? were synthesized using standard Fmoc chemistry. These peptides were found to bind to GAGs with high affinity, which translated into a reduction of leukocyte migration across a cultured human endothelial monolayer in response to chemokines. The leukocyte migration was inhibited upon removal of heparan sulfate from the endothelial surface and was found to reduce the ability of the chemokine and peptide to bind to endothelial cells in binding assays and to human rheumatoid arthritis tissue. The data suggest that the peptide competes with the wild-type chemokine for binding to GAGs such as HS and thereby reduces chemokine presentation and subsequent leukocyte migration. Furthermore, the lead peptide based on CXCL8 could reduce the disease severity and serum levels of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-a in a murine Ag-induced arthritis model. Taken together, evidence is provided for interfering with the chemokine-GAG interaction as a relevant therapeutic approach.

Citation

Eustace, A., King, S., Sessions, R., Kay, A., Farris, M., Broadbridge, R., …McNaughton, E. (2018). Novel Anti-Inflammatory Peptides Based on Chemokine-Glycosaminoglycan Interactions Reduce Leukocyte Migration and Disease Severity in a Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis. The Journal of Immunology, 3201-3217. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1701187

Acceptance Date Feb 22, 2018
Publication Date May 1, 2018
Journal The Journal of Immunology
Print ISSN 0022-1767
Publisher American Association of Immunologists
Pages 3201-3217
DOI https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1701187
Publisher URL http://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1701187

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