Evaluating knowledge, attitude, and physical activity levels related to cardiovascular disease in Egyptian adults with and without cardiovascular disease: a community-based cross-sectional study

Ramadan, Alaa; Aboeldahab, Heba; Bashir, Mohamed Nabih; Belal, Mohamed Mohamed; Wageeh, Ahmed; Atia, Ahmed; Elbanna, Mohamed; Alhejazi, Tala Jouma; Abouzid, Mohamed; Atef, Hady; Khalid, Esraa; Elaziz, Osama Ahmed Abd; Eldeeb, Mariam Ibrahim; Kamel Omar, Doha Omar; Refaey, Neveen; Setouhi, Amr; Mohammed, A. K.; AK, Mohammed

Abstract

Background
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a significant health challenge in Egypt, yet there exists limited understanding regarding the knowledge, attitudes, and physical activity levels associated with CVD. These factors play a pivotal role in developing effective prevention and management strategies. Hence, this cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate Egyptian adults’ knowledge, attitudes, and physical activity (KAP) levels.

Methods
Data were collected using a previously validated questionnaire encompassing demographic characteristics, CVD knowledge (including risk factors and symptoms), attitudes toward CVD, and self-reported physical activity levels. The survey was distributed among social media channels, and trained researchers administered the questionnaire via face-to-face interviews with adult patients with and without CVD admitted to Cairo University Hospital clinics.

Results
The study involved 591 participants, of whom 21.7% had CVD. Overall, participants exhibited poor knowledge regarding CVD, with a mean score of 21 ± 7 out of 40, equivalent to 52.5%. Attitudes toward CVD were moderate, with a mean score of 66.38 ± 8.7 out of 85, approximately 78%. Physical activity levels per week were also moderate, averaging 1188 MET-min with a range of 1121–18,761. Subgroup analysis revealed that individuals with CVD had lower average knowledge, attitude, and physical activity levels than those without CVD. Working in the healthcare field was a predictor of higher knowledge score (standard error (SE) 5.89, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.61 to 7.17, P < 0.001), while those with CVD and smokers were predictors of lower attitude score (SE -4.08, 95% CI -6.43 to -1.73, P < 0.001) and (SE -2.54, 95% CI -4.69 to -0.40, P = 0.02), respectively.

Conclusion
The study findings highlight a significant disparity in knowledge, attitudes, and physical activity levels related to CVD in Egypt. Targeted interventions aimed at improving awareness, fostering positive attitudes, and promoting physical activity among individuals at risk for CVD are crucial for effective prevention and management.

Citation

Ramadan, A., Aboeldahab, H., Bashir, M. N., Belal, M. M., Wageeh, A., Atia, A., …AK, M. (in press). Evaluating knowledge, attitude, and physical activity levels related to cardiovascular disease in Egyptian adults with and without cardiovascular disease: a community-based cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 24(1), Article 1107. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18553-3

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Apr 8, 2024
• Online Publication Date: Apr 22, 2024
• Deposit Date: Apr 29, 2024
• Publicly Available Date: Apr 29, 2024
• Journal: BMC Public Health
• Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
• Publisher: Springer Verlag
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 24
• Issue: 1
• Article Number: 1107
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18553-3
• Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, KAP, Awareness, Health promotion, Egypt
• Public URL: https://keele-repository.worktribe.com/output/799199
• Publisher URL: https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-024-18553-3