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Osteointegration of functionalised high-performance oxide ceramics: imaging from micro-computed tomography

Migliorini, Filippo; Eschweiler, Jörg; Betsch, Marcel; Maffulli, Nicola; Tingart, Markus; Hildebrand, Frank; Lecouturier, Sophie; Rath, Björn; Schenker, Hanno

Authors

Filippo Migliorini

Jörg Eschweiler

Marcel Betsch

Nicola Maffulli

Markus Tingart

Frank Hildebrand

Sophie Lecouturier

Björn Rath

Hanno Schenker



Abstract

Background
This study evaluated the osseointegration potential of functionalised high-performance oxide ceramics (HPOC) in isolation or coated with BMP-2 or RGD peptides in 36 New Zeeland female rabbits using micro-computed tomography (micro CT). The primary outcomes of interest were to assess the amount of ossification evaluating the improvement in the bone volume/ total volume (BV/TV) ratio and trabecular thickness at 6 and 12 weeks. The second outcome of interest was to investigate possible differences in osteointegration between the functionalised silanised HPOC in isolation or coated with Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2) or RGD peptides.

Methods
36 adult female New Zealand white rabbits with a minimum weight of three kg were used. One-third of HPOCs were functionalised with silicon suboxide (SiOx), a third with BMP-2 (sHPOC-BMP2), and another third with RGD (sHPOC-RGD). All samples were scanned with a high-resolution micro CT (U-CTHR, MILabs B.V., Houten, The Netherlands) with a reconstructed voxel resolution of 10 µm. MicroCT scans were reconstructed in three planes and processed using Imalytics Preclinical version 2.1 (Gremse-IT GmbH, Aachen, Germany) software. The total volume (TV), bone volume (BV) and ratio BV/TV were calculated within the coating area.

Results
BV/TV increased significantly from 6 to 12 weeks in all HPOCs: silanised (P = 0.01), BMP-2 (P < 0.0001), and RGD (P < 0.0001) groups. At 12 weeks, the BMP-2 groups demonstrated greater ossification in the RGD (P < 0.0001) and silanised (P = 0.008) groups. Trabecular thickness increased significantly from 6 to 12 weeks (P < 0.0001). At 12 weeks, BMP-2 promoted greater trabecular thickness compared to the silanised group (P = 0.07), although no difference was found with the RGD (P = 0.1) group.

Conclusion
Sinalised HPOC in isolation or functionalised with BMP-2 or RGD promotes in vivo osteointegration. The sinalised HOPC functionalised with BMP-2 demonstrated the greatest osseointegration.

Citation

Migliorini, F., Eschweiler, J., Betsch, M., Maffulli, N., Tingart, M., Hildebrand, F., …Schenker, H. (2024). Osteointegration of functionalised high-performance oxide ceramics: imaging from micro-computed tomography. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 19(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-024-04918-2

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Jul 13, 2024
Online Publication Date Jul 18, 2024
Publication Date Jul 18, 2024
Deposit Date Jul 25, 2024
Publicly Available Date Jul 25, 2024
Journal Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
Electronic ISSN 1749-799X
Publisher Springer Verlag
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 19
Issue 1
Article Number 411
Pages 1-8
DOI https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-024-04918-2
Keywords Implants, Osteointegration, Micro-CT, Ossification
Public URL https://keele-repository.worktribe.com/output/878233

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