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All Outputs (28)

Vitacrystallography: Appearance and Development of Cancer-Induced Structural Biomarkers in a Mouse Model (2025)
Journal Article
Avdieiev, O., Denisov, S. A., Ajeer, A., Adams, L., Greenwood, C., Nesbitt, H., Thomas, K., Rogers, K., Solovyeva, O., Mourokh, L., & Lazarev, P. (2025). Vitacrystallography: Appearance and Development of Cancer-Induced Structural Biomarkers in a Mouse Model. Life, 15(6), Article 904. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15060904

Structural biomarkers determined by X-ray scattering of the tissues can complement conventional diagnostics and provide a pathway for early detection of diseases. In the present study, mouse models were utilized to observe the progression of prostate... Read More about Vitacrystallography: Appearance and Development of Cancer-Induced Structural Biomarkers in a Mouse Model.

Benign/Cancer Diagnostics Based on X-Ray Diffraction: Comparison of Data Analytics Approaches (2025)
Journal Article
Alekseev, A., Shcherbakov, V., Avdieiev, O., Denisov, S. A., Kubytskyi, V., Blinchevsky, B., Murokh, S., Ajeer, A., Adams, L., Greenwood, C., Rogers, K., Jones, L. J., Mourokh, L., & Lazarev, P. (2025). Benign/Cancer Diagnostics Based on X-Ray Diffraction: Comparison of Data Analytics Approaches. Cancers, 17(10), Article 1662. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17101662

Background/Objectives: With the number of detected breast cancer cases growing every year, there is a need to augment histopathological analysis with fast preliminary screening. We examine the feasibility of using X-ray diffraction measurements for t... Read More about Benign/Cancer Diagnostics Based on X-Ray Diffraction: Comparison of Data Analytics Approaches.

Prostate microcalcification crystallography as a marker of pathology (2025)
Journal Article
Gosling, S. B., Arnold, E. L., Adams, L., Cool, P., Geraki, K., Kitchen, M. O., Lyburn, I. D., Rogers, K. D., Snow, T., Stone, N., & Greenwood, C. E. (2025). Prostate microcalcification crystallography as a marker of pathology. Scientific Reports, 15(1), Article 14979. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-98692-8

Prostate cancer remains the most common male cancer; however, treatment regimens remain unclear in some cases due to a lack of agreement in current testing methods. Therefore, there is an increasing need to identify novel biomarkers to better counsel... Read More about Prostate microcalcification crystallography as a marker of pathology.

Anisotropy visualisation from X-ray diffraction of biological apatite in mixed phase calcified tissue samples (2025)
Journal Article
Scott, R., Lyburn, I. D., Cornford, E., Bouzy, P., Stone, N., Greenwood, C., Gosling, S., Arnold, E. L., Bouybayoune, I., Pinder, S. E., & Rogers, K. (2025). Anisotropy visualisation from X-ray diffraction of biological apatite in mixed phase calcified tissue samples. Scientific reports, 15(1), Article 5478. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88940-2

X-ray diffraction is widely used to characterise the mineral component of calcified tissue. Broadening of the diffraction peaks yields valuable information on the size of coherently diffracting domains, sometimes loosely described as crystallite size... Read More about Anisotropy visualisation from X-ray diffraction of biological apatite in mixed phase calcified tissue samples.

Anisotropy visualisation from X-ray diffraction of biological apatite in mixed phase calcified tissue samples (2025)
Journal Article
Scott, R., Lyburn, I. D., Cornford, E., Bouzy, P., Stone, N., Greenwood, C., Gosling, S., Arnold, E. L., Bouybayoune, I., Pinder, S. E., & Rogers, K. (in press). Anisotropy visualisation from X-ray diffraction of biological apatite in mixed phase calcified tissue samples. Scientific reports, 15(1), Article 5478. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88940-2

X-ray diffraction is widely used to characterise the mineral component of calcified tissue. Broadening of the diffraction peaks yields valuable information on the size of coherently diffracting domains, sometimes loosely described as crystallite size... Read More about Anisotropy visualisation from X-ray diffraction of biological apatite in mixed phase calcified tissue samples.

Vitacrystallography: Structural Biomarkers of Breast Cancer Obtained by X-ray Scattering (2024)
Journal Article
Denisov, S., Blinchevsky, B., Friedman, J., Gerbelli, B., Ajeer, A., Adams, L., Greenwood, C., Rogers, K., Mourokh, L., & Lazarev, P. (in press). Vitacrystallography: Structural Biomarkers of Breast Cancer Obtained by X-ray Scattering. Cancers, 16(14), Article 2499. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16142499

With breast cancer being one of the most widespread causes of death for women, there is an unmet need for its early detection. For this purpose, we propose a non-invasive approach based on X-ray scattering. We measured samples from 107 unique patient... Read More about Vitacrystallography: Structural Biomarkers of Breast Cancer Obtained by X-ray Scattering.

Translating microcalcification biomarker information into the laboratory: A preliminary assessment utilizing core biopsies obtained from sites of mammographic calcification (2024)
Journal Article
Lyburn, I. D., Scott, R., Cornford, E., Bouzy, P., Stone, N., Greenwood, C., Bouybayoune, I., Pinder, S. E., & Rogers, K. (2024). Translating microcalcification biomarker information into the laboratory: A preliminary assessment utilizing core biopsies obtained from sites of mammographic calcification. Heliyon, 10(6), Article e27686. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27686

Rationale and objectives
The potential of breast microcalcification chemistry to provide clinically valuable intelligence is being increasingly studied. However, acquisition of crystallographic details has, to dat... Read More about Translating microcalcification biomarker information into the laboratory: A preliminary assessment utilizing core biopsies obtained from sites of mammographic calcification.

Conical shell X-ray beam tomosynthesis and micro-computed tomography for microarchitectural characterisation (2023)
Journal Article
Arnold, E. L., Elarnaut, F., Downes, D., Evans, J. P. O., Greenwood, C., & Rogers, K. D. (in press). Conical shell X-ray beam tomosynthesis and micro-computed tomography for microarchitectural characterisation. Scientific Reports, 13(1), Article 21480. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-48851-6

Bone quality is commonly used to diagnose bone diseases such as osteoporosis, with many studies focusing on microarchitecture for fracture prediction. In this study a bovine distal femur was imaged using both micro-computed tomography (µCT) and tomos... Read More about Conical shell X-ray beam tomosynthesis and micro-computed tomography for microarchitectural characterisation.

A pilot study: effect of irisin on trabecular bone in a streptozotocin-induced animal model of type 1 diabetic osteopathy utilizing a micro-CT (2023)
Journal Article
Mohsin, S., Brock, F., Kaimala, S., Greenwood, C., Sulaiman, M., Rogers, K., & Adeghate, E. (in press). A pilot study: effect of irisin on trabecular bone in a streptozotocin-induced animal model of type 1 diabetic osteopathy utilizing a micro-CT. PeerJ, 11, Article e16278. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.16278

Background: Osteoporosis is a significant co-morbidity of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) leading to increased fracture risk. Exercise-induced hormone ‘irisin’ in low dosage has been shown to have a beneficial effect on bone metabolism by increasing o... Read More about A pilot study: effect of irisin on trabecular bone in a streptozotocin-induced animal model of type 1 diabetic osteopathy utilizing a micro-CT.

Microcalcification crystallography as a potential marker of DCIS recurrence (2023)
Journal Article
Gosling, S. B., Arnold, E. L., Davies, S. K., Cross, H., Bouybayoune, I., Calabrese, D., Nallala, J., Pinder, S. E., Fu, L., Lips, E. H., King, L., Marks, J., Hall, A., Grimm, L. J., Lynch, T., Pinto, D., Stobart, H., Shelley Hwang, E., Wesseling, J., Geraki, K., …van Oirsouw, M. (2023). Microcalcification crystallography as a potential marker of DCIS recurrence. Scientific reports, 13(1), Article 9331. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33547-8

Ductal carcinoma in-situ (DCIS) accounts for 20-25% of all new breast cancer diagnoses. DCIS has an uncertain risk of progression to invasive breast cancer and a lack of predictive biomarkers may result in relatively high levels (~ 75%) of overtreatm... Read More about Microcalcification crystallography as a potential marker of DCIS recurrence.

Exploration of utility of combined optical photothermal infrared and Raman imaging for investigating the chemical composition of microcalcifications in breast cancer (2023)
Journal Article
Bouzy, P., Lyburn, I. D., Pinder, S. E., Scott, R., Mansfield, J., Moger, J., Greenwood, C., Bouybayoune, I., Cornford, E., Rogers, K., & Stone, N. (in press). Exploration of utility of combined optical photothermal infrared and Raman imaging for investigating the chemical composition of microcalcifications in breast cancer. Analytical Methods, 15(13), 1620-1630. https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ay01197b

Microcalcifications play an important role in cancer detection. They are evaluated by their radiological and histological characteristics but it is challenging to find a link between their morphology, their composition and the nature of a specific ty... Read More about Exploration of utility of combined optical photothermal infrared and Raman imaging for investigating the chemical composition of microcalcifications in breast cancer.

Thermally dynamic examination of local order in nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (2022)
Journal Article
Arnold, E. L., Gosling, S., Davies, S. K., Cross, H. L., Evans, P., Keeble, D. S., Greenwood, C., & Rogers, K. D. (2022). Thermally dynamic examination of local order in nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 315, Article 123474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123474

The main mineral component of bone is hydroxyapatite, a commonly nanocrystalline material which presents many challenges for those trying to characterize it. Here, local structure is analyzed using X-ray total scattering for synthetic samples, to ena... Read More about Thermally dynamic examination of local order in nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite.

Breast calcification micromorphology classification (2022)
Journal Article
Scott, R., Lyburn, I., Cornford, E., Bouzy, P., Stone, N., Greenwood, C., Bouybayoune, I., Pinder, S., & Rogers, K. (2022). Breast calcification micromorphology classification. British Journal of Radiology, 95(1139), 1- 3. https://doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20220485

Objectives: The importance of consistent terminology in describing the appearance of breast calcifications in mammography is well recognised. Imaging of calcifications using electron microscopy is a globally growing field of research. We therefore su... Read More about Breast calcification micromorphology classification.

Investigating pair distribution function use in analysis of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite (2022)
Journal Article
Arnold, E., Keeble, D., Evans, J., Greenwood, C., & Rogers, K. (2022). Investigating pair distribution function use in analysis of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite. Acta Crystallographica Section C: Structural Chemistry, C78(PART 5), 271 - 279. https://doi.org/10.1107/s2053229622003400

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a complex material, which is often nanocrystalline when found within a biological setting. This work has directly compared the structural characteristics derived from data collected using a conventional laboratory-based X-ray d... Read More about Investigating pair distribution function use in analysis of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite.

A multi-modal exploration of heterogeneous physico–chemical properties of DCIS breast microcalcifications (2022)
Journal Article
Gosling, S., Calabrese, D., Nallala, J., Greenwood, C., Pinder, S., King, L., Marks, J., Marks, J., Pinto, D., Lynch, T., Lyburn, I. D., Lyburn, I. D., Shelley Hwang, E. S., PRECISION Consortium, G. C., Rogers, K., & Stone, N. (2022). A multi-modal exploration of heterogeneous physico–chemical properties of DCIS breast microcalcifications. Analyst, 147(8), 1641-1654. https://doi.org/10.1039/d1an01548f

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is frequently associated with breast calcification. This study combines multiple analytical techniques to investigate the heterogeneity of these calcifications at the micrometre scale. X-ray diffraction, scanning elect... Read More about A multi-modal exploration of heterogeneous physico–chemical properties of DCIS breast microcalcifications.

New insights into the application of pair distribution function studies to biogenic and synthetic hydroxyapatites (2020)
Journal Article
Arnold, E., Keeble, D., Greenwood, C., & Rogers, K. (2020). New insights into the application of pair distribution function studies to biogenic and synthetic hydroxyapatites. Scientific reports, 10, Article 19597. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73200-2

Biogenic and synthetic hydroxyapatites are confounding materials whose properties remain uncertain, even after years of study. Pair distribution function (PDF) analysis was applied to hydroxyapatites in the 1970’s and 1980’s, but this area of researc... Read More about New insights into the application of pair distribution function studies to biogenic and synthetic hydroxyapatites.

Establishing a minimum PMI for bone sun bleaching in a UK environment with a controlled desert-simulated comparison (2020)
Journal Article
Stokes, S., Greenwood, C., & Márquez-Grant, N. (2020). Establishing a minimum PMI for bone sun bleaching in a UK environment with a controlled desert-simulated comparison. International Journal of Legal Medicine, 134, 2297–2306. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-020-02385-y

Microenvironments play a significant part in understanding the post-mortem interval in forensic taphonomy. Recently, the value of weathering factors in relation to obtaining a PMI has been investigated further. In this study, observations were made t... Read More about Establishing a minimum PMI for bone sun bleaching in a UK environment with a controlled desert-simulated comparison.

Age-Related Trends in the Trabecular Micro-Architecture of the Medial Clavicle: Is It of Use in Forensic Science? (2020)
Journal Article
McGivern, H., Greenwood, C., Márquez-Grant, N., Kranioti, E., Xhemali, B., & Zioupos, P. (2020). Age-Related Trends in the Trabecular Micro-Architecture of the Medial Clavicle: Is It of Use in Forensic Science?. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 7, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2019.00467

The mechanical and structural properties of bone are known to change significantly with age. Within forensic and archaeological investigations, the medial end of the clavicle is typically used for estimating the age-at-death of an unknown individual.... Read More about Age-Related Trends in the Trabecular Micro-Architecture of the Medial Clavicle: Is It of Use in Forensic Science?.

The use of µCT and fractal dimension for fracture prediction in osteoporotic individuals (2019)
Journal Article
Arnold, E., Clement, J., Rogers, K., Garcia-Castro, F., & Greenwood, C. (2020). The use of µCT and fractal dimension for fracture prediction in osteoporotic individuals. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 103, Article 103585. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103585

Osteoporosis (OP) is a widespread condition with commonly associated fracture sites at the hip, vertebra and wrist. This study examines the effects of age and osteoporosis on bone quality by comparing the efficacy of using parameters which indicate b... Read More about The use of µCT and fractal dimension for fracture prediction in osteoporotic individuals.