All Outputs (26)

Translating microcalcification biomarker information into the laboratory: A preliminary assessment utilizing core biopsies obtained from sites of mammographic calcification (2024)
Journal Article

Rationale and objectives The potential of breast microcalcification chemistry to provide clinically valuable intelligence is being increasingly studied. However, acquisition of crystallographic details has, to dat... Read More about Translating microcalcification biomarker information into the laboratory: A preliminary assessment utilizing core biopsies obtained from sites of mammographic calcification.

Conical shell X-ray beam tomosynthesis and micro-computed tomography for microarchitectural characterisation (2023)
Journal Article

Bone quality is commonly used to diagnose bone diseases such as osteoporosis, with many studies focusing on microarchitecture for fracture prediction. In this study a bovine distal femur was imaged using both micro-computed tomography (µCT) and tomos... Read More about Conical shell X-ray beam tomosynthesis and micro-computed tomography for microarchitectural characterisation.

A pilot study: effect of irisin on trabecular bone in a streptozotocin-induced animal model of type 1 diabetic osteopathy utilizing a micro-CT (2023)
Journal Article

Background: Osteoporosis is a significant co-morbidity of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) leading to increased fracture risk. Exercise-induced hormone ‘irisin’ in low dosage has been shown to have a beneficial effect on bone metabolism by increasing o... Read More about A pilot study: effect of irisin on trabecular bone in a streptozotocin-induced animal model of type 1 diabetic osteopathy utilizing a micro-CT.

Microcalcification crystallography as a potential marker of DCIS recurrence (2023)
Journal Article

Ductal carcinoma in-situ (DCIS) accounts for 20-25% of all new breast cancer diagnoses. DCIS has an uncertain risk of progression to invasive breast cancer and a lack of predictive biomarkers may result in relatively high levels (~ 75%) of overtreatm... Read More about Microcalcification crystallography as a potential marker of DCIS recurrence.

Exploration of utility of combined optical photothermal infrared and Raman imaging for investigating the chemical composition of microcalcifications in breast cancer (2023)
Journal Article

Microcalcifications play an important role in cancer detection. They are evaluated by their radiological and histological characteristics but it is challenging to find a link between their morphology, their composition and the nature of a specific ty... Read More about Exploration of utility of combined optical photothermal infrared and Raman imaging for investigating the chemical composition of microcalcifications in breast cancer.

Thermally dynamic examination of local order in nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (2022)
Journal Article

The main mineral component of bone is hydroxyapatite, a commonly nanocrystalline material which presents many challenges for those trying to characterize it. Here, local structure is analyzed using X-ray total scattering for synthetic samples, to ena... Read More about Thermally dynamic examination of local order in nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite.

Breast calcification micromorphology classification (2022)
Journal Article

Objectives: The importance of consistent terminology in describing the appearance of breast calcifications in mammography is well recognised. Imaging of calcifications using electron microscopy is a globally growing field of research. We therefore su... Read More about Breast calcification micromorphology classification.

Investigating pair distribution function use in analysis of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite (2022)
Journal Article

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a complex material, which is often nanocrystalline when found within a biological setting. This work has directly compared the structural characteristics derived from data collected using a conventional laboratory-based X-ray d... Read More about Investigating pair distribution function use in analysis of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite.

A multi-modal exploration of heterogeneous physico–chemical properties of DCIS breast microcalcifications (2022)
Journal Article

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is frequently associated with breast calcification. This study combines multiple analytical techniques to investigate the heterogeneity of these calcifications at the micrometre scale. X-ray diffraction, scanning elect... Read More about A multi-modal exploration of heterogeneous physico–chemical properties of DCIS breast microcalcifications.

Atypical bone factures: The enigma of osteoporosis treatment and bone quality (2022)
Journal Article

Effects of soft tissue on the crystallographic changes to bone mineral upon heating (2021)
Journal Article

New insights into the application of pair distribution function studies to biogenic and synthetic hydroxyapatites (2020)
Journal Article

Biogenic and synthetic hydroxyapatites are confounding materials whose properties remain uncertain, even after years of study. Pair distribution function (PDF) analysis was applied to hydroxyapatites in the 1970’s and 1980’s, but this area of researc... Read More about New insights into the application of pair distribution function studies to biogenic and synthetic hydroxyapatites.

Establishing a minimum PMI for bone sun bleaching in a UK environment with a controlled desert-simulated comparison (2020)
Journal Article

Microenvironments play a significant part in understanding the post-mortem interval in forensic taphonomy. Recently, the value of weathering factors in relation to obtaining a PMI has been investigated further. In this study, observations were made t... Read More about Establishing a minimum PMI for bone sun bleaching in a UK environment with a controlled desert-simulated comparison.

Age-Related Trends in the Trabecular Micro-Architecture of the Medial Clavicle: Is It of Use in Forensic Science? (2020)
Journal Article

The mechanical and structural properties of bone are known to change significantly with age. Within forensic and archaeological investigations, the medial end of the clavicle is typically used for estimating the age-at-death of an unknown individual.... Read More about Age-Related Trends in the Trabecular Micro-Architecture of the Medial Clavicle: Is It of Use in Forensic Science?.

The use of µCT and fractal dimension for fracture prediction in osteoporotic individuals (2019)
Journal Article

Osteoporosis (OP) is a widespread condition with commonly associated fracture sites at the hip, vertebra and wrist. This study examines the effects of age and osteoporosis on bone quality by comparing the efficacy of using parameters which indicate b... Read More about The use of µCT and fractal dimension for fracture prediction in osteoporotic individuals.

Breast Microcalcifications - Novel Biomarkers for Breast Tissue Pathology (2019)
Journal Article

Microcalcifications are a key feature of mammography. Calcium phosphate (hydroxyapatite) microcalcifications are associated with both benign and malignant breast tissue and spectroscopic analysis has previously shown microstructure and chemistry vari... Read More about Breast Microcalcifications - Novel Biomarkers for Breast Tissue Pathology.

Calcification Microstructure Reflects Breast Tissue Microenvironment (2019)
Journal Article

Microcalcifications are important diagnostic indicators of disease in breast tissue. Tissue microenvironments differ in many aspects between normal and cancerous cells, notably extracellular pH and glycolytic respiration. Hydroxyapatite microcalcific... Read More about Calcification Microstructure Reflects Breast Tissue Microenvironment.

Developing focal construct technology for in vivo diagnosis of osteoporosis (2019)
Conference Proceeding

Osteoporosis is a prevalent bone disease around the world, characterised by low bone mineral density and increased fracture risk. Currently, the gold standard for identifying osteoporosis and increased fracture risk is through quantification of bone... Read More about Developing focal construct technology for in vivo diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Age Related Changes in Femoral Head Trabecular Architecture (2018)
Journal Article

Osteoporosis is a prevalent bone condition, characterised by low bone mineral density and increased fracture risk. Currently, the gold standard for identifying osteoporosis and increased fracture risk is through quantification of bone mineral density... Read More about Age Related Changes in Femoral Head Trabecular Architecture.

Towards Medical Diagnostics Using Hyperspectral X-ray scatter (2017)
Conference Proceeding

This pilot study builds from a recent international, programme that showed, for the first time, the clinical value of new biomarkers to predict fracture risk in osteoporotic patients. The research indicated several potential, high impact routes towar... Read More about Towards Medical Diagnostics Using Hyperspectral X-ray scatter.