Alexander Scott a.scott@keele.ac.uk
Improving Sleep Quality Leads to Better Mental Health: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Scott, Alexander; Webb, Thomas L.; Martyn-St James, Marrissa; Rowse, Georgina; Weich, Scott
Authors
Thomas L. Webb
Marrissa Martyn-St James
Georgina Rowse
Scott Weich
Abstract
<p>The extent to which sleep is causally related to mental health is unclear. One way to test the causal link is to evaluate the extent to which interventions that improve sleep quality also improve mental health. We conducted a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials that reported the effects of an intervention that improved sleep on composite mental health, as well as on seven specific mental health difficulties. 65 trials comprising 72 interventions and N = 8,608 participants were included. Improving sleep led to a significant medium-sized effect on composite mental health (g+ = -0.53), depression (g+ = -0.63), anxiety (g+ = -0.51), and rumination (g+ = -0.49), as well as significant small-to-medium sized effects on stress (g+ = -0.42), and finally small significant effects on positive psychosis symptoms (g+ = -0.26). We also found a dose response relationship, in that greater improvements in sleep quality led to greater improvements in mental health. Our findings suggest that sleep is causally related to the experience of mental health difficulties. Future research might consider how interventions that improve sleep could be incorporated into mental health services, as well as the mechanisms of action that explain how sleep exerts an effect on mental health.</p>
Citation
Scott, A., Webb, T. L., Martyn-St James, M., Rowse, G., & Weich, S. (2021). Improving Sleep Quality Leads to Better Mental Health: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 60, Article 101556. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/t2efb
Acceptance Date | Sep 17, 2021 |
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Online Publication Date | Sep 23, 2021 |
Publication Date | 2021-12 |
Publicly Available Date | May 30, 2023 |
Journal | Sleep Medicine Reviews |
Print ISSN | 1087-0792 |
Electronic ISSN | 1532-2955 |
Publisher | Elsevier |
Peer Reviewed | Peer Reviewed |
Volume | 60 |
Article Number | 101556 |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/t2efb |
Publisher URL | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1087079221001416 |
Related Public URLs | https://psyarxiv.com/t2efb/ |
Files
SleepMentalHealthReview_SMR_16Sept2021_v3.pdf
(1.4 Mb)
PDF
Publisher Licence URL
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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